Main Functions of Epithelial Cells
Epithelial cells form the epithelial tissue that lines the surfaces and cavities of organs throughout the body. Their primary functions include:
- Protection: They form a barrier that protects underlying tissues from injury, pathogens, and dehydration.
- Secretion: Specialized epithelial cells (glandular epithelium) produce and release substances like hormones, mucus, and enzymes.
- Absorption: They facilitate the uptake of nutrients and other substances, such as in the lining of the intestines.
- Sensation: Some epithelial cells contain nerve endings that detect sensory stimuli, like in the skin and taste buds.
- Filtration: In organs like the kidneys, epithelial cells help filter blood and form urine.
- Excretion: They assist in removing waste products from the body.